RTX 5060 Laptop vs RTX 4060 Laptop
The RTX 5060 Laptop is about 28% faster than the RTX 4060 Laptop across 210 games at 1440p High in our estimates. The gap at 1440p and 4K compares what each card can draw on its own, so only the graphics card makes the difference. At 1080p, fast cards are often held back by the processor, so the gap is smaller. Laptop graphics are estimated at a typical power limit (TGP); thin laptops with a low limit can be noticeably slower.
Updated
The short answer
By resolution across all 210 games: 1080p RTX 5060 Laptop +13%, 1440p RTX 5060 Laptop +28%, 4K RTX 5060 Laptop +29%. At 1080p, fast cards are often held back by the processor, so the gap is smaller. In a typical game at 1440p High, tested with a Ryzen 7 9800X3D, the RTX 5060 Laptop gets about 82 FPS and the RTX 4060 Laptop about 64 FPS.
Both have 8 GB of VRAM. Power: 115 W vs 115 W, so the RTX 5060 Laptop does more per watt.
The gap is biggest at 4K, where the RTX 5060 Laptop leads by 29%. Both suit 1440p High (60 FPS in a typical game), so choose on price, power and video memory.
1080p: RTX 5060 Laptop +13% · 1440p: RTX 5060 Laptop +28% · 4K: RTX 5060 Laptop +29%
At 1080p, fast cards are often held back by the processor, so the gap is smaller.
| Spec | RTX 5060 Laptop | RTX 4060 Laptop |
|---|---|---|
| Performance | 49.8 | 38.9 |
| VRAM | 8 GB | 8 GB |
| Power | 115 W | 115 W |
| Perf per watt | 43.3 | 33.8 |
| Release | 2025 | 2023 |
Estimated FPS by game
Popular games at High settings. Tested with a Ryzen 7 9800X3D (one of the fastest gaming processors), 32 GB RAM and each game's frame cap. The % above covers all 210 games. The dashed line marks 60 FPS.
RTX 5060 LaptopRTX 4060 Laptop
ValorantEsports shooter
RTX 5060 Laptop: 500+ FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 500+ FPSsmooth
Counter-Strike 2Esports shooter
RTX 5060 Laptop: 203 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 159 FPSsmooth
FortniteBattle royale
RTX 5060 Laptop: 102 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 79 FPSsmooth
MinecraftSandbox
RTX 5060 Laptop: 300 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 300 FPSsmooth
Apex LegendsBattle royale
RTX 5060 Laptop: 181 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 141 FPSsmooth
GTA VOpen world
RTX 5060 Laptop: 187 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 187 FPSsmooth
PUBG: BattlegroundsBattle royale
RTX 5060 Laptop: 162 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 126 FPSsmooth
EA Sports FC 26Sports
RTX 5060 Laptop: 90 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 70 FPSsmooth
Call of Duty: WarzoneBattle royale
RTX 5060 Laptop: 111 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 87 FPSsmooth
Elden RingAction RPG
RTX 5060 Laptop: 60 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 60 FPSsmooth
Red Dead Redemption 2Open world
RTX 5060 Laptop: 73 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 57 FPSplayable
Hogwarts LegacyOpen world RPG
RTX 5060 Laptop: 63 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 49 FPSplayable
Cyberpunk 2077Open world RPG
RTX 5060 Laptop: 68 FPSsmooth
RTX 4060 Laptop: 53 FPSplayable
Alan Wake 2Horror
RTX 5060 Laptop: 49 FPSplayable
RTX 4060 Laptop: 39 FPSplayable
Black Myth: WukongAction RPG
RTX 5060 Laptop: 34 FPSplayable
RTX 4060 Laptop: 26 FPSchoppy
RTX 5060 Laptop vs RTX 4060 Laptop: FPS in every game
Estimated FPS on High settings in all 210 games (RTX 5060 Laptop / RTX 4060 Laptop). Tested with a Ryzen 7 9800X3D (one of the fastest gaming processors), 32 GB RAM and each game's frame cap. See FPS for your own PC.
| Game | 1080p | 1440p | 4K |
|---|---|---|---|
| Valorant | 500+ / 500+ | 500+ / 500+ | 311 / 241 |
| Counter-Strike 2 | 257 / 218 | 203 / 159 | 74 / 57 |
| Fortnite | 138 / 118 | 102 / 79 | 37 / 29 |
| Minecraft | 300 / 300 | 300 / 300 | 188 / 146 |
| Apex Legends | 220 / 203 | 181 / 141 | 66 / 51 |
| GTA V | 187 / 187 | 187 / 187 | 89 / 69 |
| PUBG: Battlegrounds | 208 / 177 | 162 / 126 | 59 / 46 |
| EA Sports FC 26 | 116 / 98 | 90 / 70 | 32 / 25 |
| EA Sports FC 25 | 116 / 98 | 90 / 70 | 32 / 25 |
| Call of Duty: Warzone | 144 / 122 | 111 / 87 | 40 / 31 |
| Elden Ring | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 33 / 26 |
| Red Dead Redemption 2 | 94 / 80 | 73 / 57 | 27 / 21 |
| Hogwarts Legacy | 85 / 72 | 63 / 49 | 23 / 18 |
| Cyberpunk 2077 | 88 / 75 | 68 / 53 | 25 / 19 |
| Alan Wake 2 | 66 / 56 | 49 / 39 | 18 / 14 |
| Black Myth: Wukong | 45 / 38 | 34 / 26 | 12 / 10 |
| Dota 2 | 312 / 265 | 247 / 193 | 89 / 69 |
| League of Legends | 450 / 450 | 450 / 367 | 170 / 132 |
| Rocket League | 183 / 156 | 145 / 113 | 53 / 41 |
| Overwatch 2 | 278 / 236 | 229 / 179 | 83 / 65 |
| Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege | 87 / 74 | 70 / 54 | 25 / 20 |
| Marvel Rivals | 75 / 64 | 57 / 45 | 21 / 16 |
| The Finals | 81 / 69 | 60 / 47 | 22 / 17 |
| Delta Force | 169 / 144 | 131 / 103 | 48 / 37 |
| Battlefield 2042 | 85 / 73 | 65 / 51 | 24 / 18 |
| Battlefield 6 | 63 / 53 | 46 / 36 | 17 / 13 |
| Ready or Not | 157 / 133 | 121 / 95 | 44 / 34 |
| Hell Let Loose | 144 / 122 | 111 / 87 | 40 / 31 |
| Team Fortress 2 | 300 / 300 | 300 / 300 | 162 / 126 |
| Left 4 Dead 2 | 350 / 350 | 350 / 350 | 217 / 168 |
| Deep Rock Galactic | 200 / 170 | 157 / 122 | 57 / 44 |
| Helldivers 2 | 97 / 82 | 73 / 57 | 26 / 20 |
| Destiny 2 | 207 / 176 | 157 / 122 | 57 / 44 |
| Warframe | 249 / 211 | 190 / 148 | 69 / 53 |
| War Thunder | 191 / 162 | 147 / 115 | 53 / 41 |
| Rust | 72 / 61 | 55 / 43 | 20 / 15 |
| ARK: Survival Ascended | 44 / 37 | 30 / 24 | 11 / 9 |
| Palworld | 53 / 45 | 39 / 30 | 14 / 11 |
| Valheim | 151 / 128 | 117 / 92 | 43 / 33 |
| Lethal Company | 132 / 112 | 104 / 82 | 38 / 29 |
| Phasmophobia | 90 / 77 | 67 / 52 | 24 / 19 |
| Dead by Daylight | 120 / 120 | 120 / 120 | 120 / 101 |
| Sea of Thieves | 113 / 96 | 85 / 66 | 31 / 24 |
| Baldur's Gate 3 | 122 / 104 | 87 / 68 | 31 / 24 |
| The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt | 164 / 139 | 119 / 93 | 43 / 33 |
| Elden Ring Nightreign | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 28 / 22 |
| Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 54 / 42 |
| Dark Souls III | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 54 / 42 |
| Lies of P | 166 / 141 | 144 / 112 | 52 / 41 |
| Monster Hunter Wilds | 56 / 48 | 43 / 33 | 15 / 12 |
| Monster Hunter: World | 160 / 156 | 160 / 131 | 61 / 47 |
| Dragon's Dogma 2 | 49 / 42 | 38 / 30 | 14 / 11 |
| Path of Exile 2 | 98 / 83 | 74 / 57 | 27 / 21 |
| Diablo IV | 176 / 149 | 138 / 108 | 50 / 39 |
| Clair Obscur: Expedition 33 | 59 / 50 | 43 / 34 | 16 / 12 |
| Final Fantasy VII Rebirth | 62 / 52 | 45 / 35 | 16 / 13 |
| Kingdom Come: Deliverance II | 45 / 38 | 32 / 25 | 12 / 9 |
| Starfield | 57 / 49 | 42 / 33 | 15 / 12 |
| Fallout 4 | 190 / 190 | 190 / 173 | 80 / 62 |
| The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim Special Edition | 220 / 216 | 199 / 156 | 72 / 56 |
| God of War | 102 / 86 | 78 / 61 | 28 / 22 |
| Ghost of Tsushima | 98 / 83 | 74 / 57 | 27 / 21 |
| Horizon Forbidden West | 75 / 64 | 62 / 49 | 23 / 18 |
| Marvel's Spider-Man Remastered | 153 / 130 | 119 / 93 | 43 / 33 |
| Assassin's Creed Valhalla | 111 / 94 | 89 / 69 | 32 / 25 |
| Assassin's Creed Shadows | 62 / 52 | 48 / 38 | 17 / 14 |
| Far Cry 6 | 150 / 127 | 114 / 89 | 41 / 32 |
| Indiana Jones and the Great Circle | 40 / 34 | 29 / 22 | 10 / 8 |
| Doom Eternal | 188 / 159 | 147 / 115 | 53 / 41 |
| Doom: The Dark Ages | 42 / 36 | 29 / 23 | 11 / 8 |
| Stalker 2: Heart of Chornobyl | 57 / 48 | 41 / 32 | 15 / 12 |
| Resident Evil 4 | 112 / 95 | 85 / 67 | 31 / 24 |
| Resident Evil Village | 119 / 101 | 91 / 71 | 33 / 26 |
| Resident Evil 2 | 160 / 136 | 124 / 97 | 45 / 35 |
| Silent Hill 2 | 54 / 46 | 40 / 31 | 14 / 11 |
| Forza Horizon 5 | 133 / 113 | 101 / 79 | 37 / 28 |
| F1 24 | 176 / 150 | 131 / 103 | 48 / 37 |
| Euro Truck Simulator 2 | 145 / 123 | 111 / 87 | 40 / 31 |
| Microsoft Flight Simulator 2024 | 75 / 64 | 54 / 42 | 20 / 15 |
| Cities: Skylines II | 31 / 26 | 22 / 17 | 8 / 6 |
| Cities: Skylines | 120 / 120 | 120 / 120 | 91 / 70 |
| Sid Meier's Civilization VI | 160 / 160 | 160 / 160 | 102 / 79 |
| Sid Meier's Civilization VII | 109 / 93 | 82 / 64 | 30 / 23 |
| Total War: Warhammer III | 110 / 107 | 97 / 76 | 35 / 27 |
| Age of Empires II: Definitive Edition | 200 / 200 | 200 / 200 | 166 / 129 |
| Age of Empires IV | 150 / 150 | 150 / 150 | 79 / 61 |
| Satisfactory | 85 / 72 | 65 / 51 | 24 / 18 |
| Factorio | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 53 |
| No Man's Sky | 67 / 57 | 53 / 41 | 19 / 15 |
| Subnautica | 180 / 180 | 180 / 180 | 170 / 132 |
| The Sims 4 | 220 / 220 | 220 / 220 | 166 / 129 |
| Stardew Valley | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 |
| Terraria | 500 / 500 | 500 / 500 | 421 / 327 |
| Hollow Knight | 322 / 273 | 259 / 203 | 94 / 73 |
| Hades II | 110 / 93 | 82 / 64 | 30 / 23 |
| Risk of Rain 2 | 240 / 236 | 219 / 171 | 79 / 62 |
| Among Us | 500+ / 490 | 470 / 367 | 170 / 132 |
| It Takes Two | 200 / 188 | 164 / 128 | 60 / 46 |
| Split Fiction | 58 / 49 | 43 / 33 | 15 / 12 |
| Genshin Impact | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 43 / 34 |
| Honkai: Star Rail | 169 / 144 | 132 / 103 | 48 / 37 |
| Roblox | 350 / 350 | 350 / 350 | 217 / 168 |
| World of Warcraft | 110 / 94 | 83 / 65 | 30 / 23 |
| Tekken 8 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 47 | 22 / 17 |
| Tekken 7 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 48 / 37 |
| Street Fighter 6 | 60 / 60 | 52 / 41 | 19 / 15 |
| Mortal Kombat 1 | 60 / 57 | 48 / 38 | 18 / 14 |
| Mortal Kombat 11 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 57 |
| Dragon Ball: Sparking! Zero | 60 / 60 | 60 / 50 | 23 / 18 |
| Naruto Shippuden: Ultimate Ninja Storm 4 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 |
| Assassin's Creed Mirage | 114 / 97 | 87 / 68 | 31 / 24 |
| Assassin's Creed Odyssey | 239 / 203 | 181 / 141 | 66 / 51 |
| Assassin's Creed Origins | 300 / 300 | 290 / 227 | 105 / 82 |
| Assassin's Creed Unity | 251 / 213 | 195 / 153 | 71 / 55 |
| God of War Ragnarök | 74 / 63 | 57 / 44 | 20 / 16 |
| Marvel's Spider-Man: Miles Morales | 151 / 128 | 117 / 92 | 43 / 33 |
| Marvel's Spider-Man 2 | 75 / 64 | 62 / 49 | 23 / 18 |
| The Last of Us Part I | 81 / 69 | 61 / 48 | 22 / 17 |
| The Last of Us Part II Remastered | 75 / 64 | 62 / 49 | 23 / 18 |
| Horizon Zero Dawn Remastered | 75 / 64 | 62 / 49 | 23 / 18 |
| Death Stranding Director's Cut | 154 / 131 | 120 / 93 | 43 / 34 |
| Stellar Blade | 72 / 61 | 55 / 43 | 20 / 15 |
| Final Fantasy XVI | 56 / 48 | 41 / 32 | 15 / 12 |
| Final Fantasy VII Remake Intergrade | 101 / 85 | 76 / 59 | 27 / 21 |
| Star Wars Outlaws | 41 / 35 | 30 / 23 | 11 / 8 |
| Star Wars Jedi: Survivor | 101 / 85 | 74 / 58 | 27 / 21 |
| Avowed | 43 / 36 | 30 / 23 | 11 / 8 |
| Mafia: The Old Country | 37 / 31 | 25 / 20 | 9 / 7 |
| Borderlands 4 | 52 / 44 | 36 / 28 | 13 / 10 |
| Call of Duty: Black Ops 6 | 93 / 79 | 70 / 55 | 25 / 20 |
| Metro Exodus | 122 / 104 | 92 / 72 | 33 / 26 |
| Far Cry 5 | 198 / 174 | 151 / 118 | 55 / 42 |
| eFootball | 169 / 144 | 132 / 103 | 48 / 37 |
| NBA 2K26 | 74 / 63 | 57 / 44 | 20 / 16 |
| F1 25 | 136 / 115 | 101 / 79 | 37 / 29 |
| Forza Motorsport | 69 / 59 | 49 / 38 | 18 / 14 |
| Need for Speed Unbound | 85 / 72 | 65 / 51 | 24 / 18 |
| Assetto Corsa Competizione | 150 / 127 | 114 / 89 | 41 / 32 |
| Sons of the Forest | 76 / 65 | 56 / 44 | 20 / 16 |
| Manor Lords | 160 / 136 | 124 / 97 | 45 / 35 |
| Zenless Zone Zero | 107 / 91 | 83 / 64 | 30 / 23 |
| Wuthering Waves | 88 / 75 | 66 / 52 | 24 / 19 |
| Lost Ark | 116 / 99 | 91 / 71 | 33 / 26 |
| Hollow Knight: Silksong | 247 / 247 | 247 / 203 | 94 / 73 |
| GTA IV | 197 / 197 | 197 / 197 | 188 / 146 |
| Red Dead Redemption | 92 / 78 | 68 / 53 | 25 / 19 |
| ARC Raiders | 81 / 69 | 60 / 47 | 22 / 17 |
| Slay the Spire 2 | 500 / 500 | 500 / 500 | 286 / 222 |
| Project Zomboid | 160 / 160 | 160 / 160 | 119 / 93 |
| RimWorld | 250 / 250 | 250 / 250 | 250 / 222 |
| DayZ | 161 / 137 | 125 / 97 | 45 / 35 |
| 7 Days to Die | 130 / 123 | 110 / 86 | 40 / 31 |
| Don't Starve Together | 400 / 400 | 400 / 400 | 357 / 278 |
| Mount & Blade II: Bannerlord | 140 / 140 | 140 / 119 | 55 / 43 |
| Crusader Kings III | 185 / 170 | 157 / 122 | 57 / 44 |
| Hearts of Iron IV | 268 / 228 | 212 / 166 | 77 / 60 |
| Final Fantasy XIV Online | 89 / 76 | 67 / 52 | 24 / 19 |
| Black Desert | 100 / 85 | 77 / 60 | 28 / 22 |
| The Binding of Isaac: Rebirth | 500 / 500 | 500 / 500 | 421 / 327 |
| Geometry Dash | 500+ / 500+ | 500+ / 500+ | 421 / 327 |
| Limbus Company | 160 / 160 | 160 / 160 | 125 / 97 |
| Assassin's Creed Black Flag Resynced | 66 / 56 | 49 / 39 | 18 / 14 |
| Halo: Campaign Evolved | 38 / 32 | 26 / 20 | 10 / 7 |
| Gears of War: E-Day | 50 / 43 | 36 / 28 | 13 / 10 |
| Control Resonant | 56 / 48 | 40 / 31 | 14 / 11 |
| Silent Hill: Townfall | 40 / 34 | 28 / 22 | 10 / 8 |
| Onimusha: Way of the Sword | 73 / 62 | 55 / 43 | 20 / 16 |
| Mortal Shell II | 40 / 34 | 27 / 21 | 10 / 8 |
| Star Wars Zero Company | 41 / 35 | 29 / 22 | 10 / 8 |
| Hell Let Loose: Vietnam | 37 / 31 | 27 / 21 | 10 / 7 |
| NBA 2K27 | 74 / 63 | 57 / 44 | 20 / 16 |
| Ace Combat 8: Wings of Theve | 36 / 31 | 26 / 20 | 9 / 7 |
| Aion 2 | 80 / 68 | 60 / 47 | 22 / 17 |
| Minecraft Dungeons II | 154 / 131 | 120 / 93 | 43 / 34 |
| RuneScape: Dragonwilds | 71 / 60 | 52 / 41 | 19 / 15 |
| Planet Zoo 2 | 59 / 50 | 41 / 32 | 15 / 11 |
| Marvel Tōkon: Fighting Souls | 52 / 44 | 38 / 30 | 14 / 11 |
| Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 4 | 73 / 62 | 55 / 43 | 20 / 16 |
| Phantom Blade Zero | 54 / 46 | 40 / 31 | 14 / 11 |
| Mycopunk | 84 / 72 | 60 / 47 | 22 / 17 |
| Stronghold 4 | 89 / 75 | 66 / 52 | 24 / 19 |
| Enshrouded | 69 / 59 | 50 / 39 | 18 / 14 |
| The Outlast Trials | 131 / 112 | 101 / 79 | 37 / 28 |
| EA Sports FC 27 | 116 / 98 | 90 / 70 | 32 / 25 |
| Forza Horizon 6 | 79 / 67 | 60 / 47 | 22 / 17 |
| Escape from Tarkov | 61 / 52 | 45 / 35 | 16 / 13 |
| BeamNG.drive | 72 / 61 | 53 / 41 | 19 / 15 |
| Warhammer 40,000: Space Marine 2 | 53 / 45 | 38 / 30 | 14 / 11 |
| NARAKA: BLADEPOINT | 162 / 144 | 132 / 103 | 48 / 37 |
| Hunt: Showdown 1896 | 68 / 58 | 56 / 44 | 20 / 16 |
| Arena Breakout: Infinite | 98 / 83 | 74 / 57 | 27 / 21 |
| WARDOGS | 52 / 44 | 38 / 30 | 14 / 11 |
| World of Warships | 138 / 138 | 138 / 138 | 107 / 83 |
| Farming Simulator 25 | 84 / 71 | 60 / 47 | 22 / 17 |
| R.E.P.O. | 102 / 87 | 77 / 60 | 28 / 22 |
| PEAK | 85 / 72 | 63 / 49 | 23 / 18 |
| Schedule I | 69 / 59 | 51 / 39 | 18 / 14 |
| Garry's Mod | 200 / 200 | 200 / 200 | 162 / 126 |
| Assetto Corsa | 197 / 172 | 158 / 123 | 57 / 44 |
| skate. | 89 / 76 | 66 / 51 | 24 / 18 |
| Bloons TD 6 | 500 / 500 | 500 / 500 | 421 / 327 |
| Yu-Gi-Oh! Master Duel | 300 / 300 | 300 / 300 | 238 / 185 |
| Brawlhalla | 500 / 500 | 500 / 500 | 421 / 327 |
| Balatro | 500 / 500 | 500 / 500 | 421 / 327 |
| Arknights: Endfield | 85 / 72 | 63 / 49 | 23 / 18 |
| VRChat | 89 / 75 | 65 / 51 | 24 / 18 |
| Star Wars: Galactic Racer | 54 / 46 | 38 / 30 | 14 / 11 |
| Castlevania: Belmont's Curse | 70 / 59 | 56 / 44 | 20 / 16 |
| Warhammer 40,000: Boltgun 2 | 191 / 162 | 184 / 144 | 67 / 52 |
| Valor Mortis | 49 / 42 | 35 / 27 | 13 / 10 |
4K results for cards with 8 GB or less VRAM are often limited by video memory.
Estimated FPS. Numbers come from the FPSVibe model, not measured benchmarks. How we estimate
Specs side by side
| Spec | RTX 5060 Laptop | RTX 4060 Laptop |
|---|---|---|
| Video memory | 8 GB GDDR7 | 8 GB GDDR6 |
| Power limit (TGP) | 45–115 W | 35–140 W |
| Launch price (US) | — | — |
| Released | 2025 | 2023 |
| Performance index (est.) | 49.8 | 38.9 |
RTX 5060 Laptop vs RTX 4060 Laptop FAQs
Is the RTX 5060 Laptop better than the RTX 4060 Laptop?
The RTX 5060 Laptop is about 28% faster than the RTX 4060 Laptop across 210 games at 1440p High in our estimates.
RTX 5060 Laptop or RTX 4060 Laptop for 1440p gaming?
The RTX 5060 Laptop is about 28% faster at 1440p across 210 games. In a typical game at 1440p High, tested with a Ryzen 7 9800X3D, the RTX 5060 Laptop gets about 82 FPS and the RTX 4060 Laptop about 64 FPS.
Which has more VRAM, the RTX 5060 Laptop or the RTX 4060 Laptop?
Same: 8 GB.
Can they run games at 4K?
In a typical game at 4K High, tested with a Ryzen 7 9800X3D: RTX 5060 Laptop about 30 FPS, RTX 4060 Laptop about 23 FPS. 4K needs lower settings or upscaling on both. 4K results for cards with 8 GB or less VRAM are often limited by video memory.
Does the power limit (TGP) change the result?
Yes. Laptop chips are estimated at a typical power limit (RTX 5060 Laptop about 115 W, RTX 4060 Laptop about 115 W). A laptop with a lower limit is slower, one with a higher limit a little faster, so check the TGP in the laptop's specs or reviews.